Demographic Survey of Aesthetic Interests and Concerns (MOSAIC): US Survey Study of Facial and Body Aesthetic Concerns and Treatment Interests Among Black Women

J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2026;19(8 Suppl 2):28–37.

Andrew Alexis, MD, MPH; Charles Boyd, MD; Cheryl Burgess, MD, FAAD; Jeanine Downie, MD; Michelle Henry, MD; Deirdre Hooper, MD, FAAD; Heather Woolery-Lloyd, MD; Jorge Ng Zheng, PharmD, MBA; and Elena Dimitrijevic, PhD

Dr. Alexis is with Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York. Dr. Boyd is with BOYD, Birmingham, Michigan. Dr. Burgess is with the Center for Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Washington, District of Columbia. Dr. Downie is with Image Dermatology PC, Montclair, New Jersey. Dr. Henry is with Skin & Aesthetic Surgery of Manhattan, New York, New York. Dr. Hooper is with Audubon Dermatology, New Orleans, Louisiana. Dr. Woolery-Lloyd is with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida. Drs. Zheng and Dimitrijevic are with Allergan Aesthetics, an AbbVie company, Irvine, California.

FUNDING: Funding for this supplement was provided by Allgeran Aesthetics, an AbbVie company, and Research Execute Learn.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate aesthetic concerns and treatment interests of diverse participants in a large United States (US)-based study. Herein, we report the findings for Black female participants. METHODS: Aesthetically inclined participants (aged 22–85 years) completed an online survey (February 2022–April 2022) to rate the frequency and degree of bothersomeness of 41 facial and 31 body characteristics and the likelihood of seeking professional treatment within the next year. The relative bothersomeness of each characteristic was ranked using a Maximum Difference scaling framework. Participants also ranked 48 aesthetic treatments by degree of interest. RESULTS: Of 3,974 participants, 796 (20.0%) self-identified as Black and female. Top facial concerns of Black female participants included under-eye dark circles, hair thinning or loss, and uneven skin color/hyperpigmentation; likely treatments included those for unwanted facial hair, uneven skin color/hyperpigmentation, and under-eye dark circles, which generally aligned with top facial aesthetic concerns. The top body concerns included stubborn fat around the stomach, flanks, and back/bra area, which aligned with body characteristics most likely to be treated. Treatments that Black female participants were most interested in receiving included facials performed at a doctor’s office or spa, nonsurgical fat reduction, and tummy tuck/abdominoplasty. LIMITATIONS: Survey data may be subject to self-reporting bias. US data for Black female participants may not be generalizable to broader populations. CONCLUSION: This subgroup analysis of a large study highlights the unique aesthetic concerns of Black women in the US. These insights may help providers personalize consultations to address the top facial and body aesthetic concerns and treatment interests among Black women. Keywords: Aesthetic concerns, aesthetic treatment, Black American, body contouring, female, facial aesthetics, Maximum Difference Scaling

Introduction

Public interest in elective surgical and nonsurgical aesthetic procedures has surged in the past decade, especially with the advent of social media.^1,2 A retrospective analysis of statistical data from the International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery showed that the United States (US) had the highest number of surgical and nonsurgical aesthetic procedures performed in 2023 (6.2 million) compared to other countries included in the report.³ Within the general US population, certain racial and ethnic groups have shown trends in willingness to undergo aesthetic procedures. Among African Americans, the number of individuals undergoing aesthetic procedures has increased substantially.^4,5 Statistical data reported by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons indicate that more than 1.7 million African American individuals underwent aesthetic procedures during both 2019 and 2020, representing 10% to 11% of aesthetic patients (compared to 8% in 2009).^5,6 Given the growing number of aesthetic procedures being performed in the Black population, a clear and nuanced understanding of the aesthetic concerns of this group is essential.

Published data on the aesthetic concerns and treatment interests among Black individuals are limited. A study that evaluated facial aesthetic concerns and treatment priorities in African American women identified uneven skin tone/color (57%) and under-eye dark circles (48%) as the most frequently bothersome characteristics; concerns about facial lines, wrinkles, and signs of aging were less frequently noted (33%).⁷ In contrast, a study focusing on White women showed that facial lines or wrinkles and other signs of facial aging (eg, tear troughs) were considered most bothersome and were treatment priorities.⁸

To expand the body of evidence on the aesthetic concerns and treatment interests across diverse sex/gender, racial, ethnic, and age categories, a survey was conducted to better understand facial and body aesthetic inclinations in adults in the US. Using Maximum Difference (MaxDiff) methodology,⁹ participants in the study ranked the relative bothersomeness of facial and body characteristics and which specific aesthetic treatments they were interested in receiving in the next year. Findings from the overall female population, as well as other participant subgroups, are published separately.^10–14 Herein, we present findings from the Black female subgroup to enhance awareness of the aesthetic concerns and treatments that are specific to this population.

Methods

Study design. Detailed methodology for this study was described in the overview publication.¹⁰ Briefly, this study was an anonymous online survey conducted by Research Learn Execute between February 25, 2022, and April 5, 2022. All participants were blinded to the sponsor throughout the study. Survey questions aimed to understand 4 areas related to aesthetic concerns and treatment interests: participant treatment preferences for the face vs the body, characteristics of the face and body considered most frequently bothersome and relatively most bothersome (top aesthetic concerns), facial and body characteristics most likely to be treated, and the aesthetic treatments that participants were most interested in receiving for the face and body.

Assessment of concern with the face or body. Participants responded to the question, “When you think about your appearance overall, are you more concerned about the appearance of your body or the appearance of your face?” on a 5-point scale. Percentages are presented for participants reporting greater concern with characteristics of the face vs the body, equal concern with the face and the body, and greater concern with the body vs the face.

Identifying and ranking aesthetic concerns. Of 41 facial and 31 body characteristics selected based on prior research and consultation with subject matter experts,¹⁰ participants were asked to select those they had and found bothersome. Participants then ranked these characteristics by bothersomeness using a MaxDiff scaling framework, which involved selecting the most and least bothersome characteristics among each randomized set of 5; facial and body characteristics were presented separately. The MaxDiff score (expressed as a percentage from 0% to 100%) indicated how often a characteristic was chosen as the most bothersome. Top aesthetic concerns were defined as characteristics that were both frequently reported as bothersome and had high MaxDiff scores. The MaxDiff framework has been used in similar studies and was selected for its ability to provide greater differentiation on preference dynamics.^8,10,15,16 Frequently bothersome, most bothersome, and top facial and body aesthetic concerns are also presented across age categories.

Aesthetic treatment intentions. Participants were asked to choose from the same 41 facial and 31 body characteristics and to select those that they were likely to have professionally treated within the next year. Those responding “probably will” or “definitely will” seek treatment were included in the analysis.

Interest in aesthetic treatments. Participants ranked 48 facial or body treatments (grouped by category) based on their likelihood of receiving each within the next year using a MaxDiff scaling framework (Supplemental Table 1). Data for the top 10 treatments among Black female participants are presented and compared to the corresponding percentages of participants in the overall female population who were interested in those treatments. For all female participants, the percentages of contributions of each race or ethnicity were weighted based on 2022 US census data.^10,17 The top 10 most desired treatments are also presented across age categories.

Participants. All participants self-reported the racial or ethnic background description that best captures their specific race/origin (see full list in the overview publication¹⁰). Participants were asked to select the sex/gender they identify with the most (including female, male, transgender female, transgender male, and nonbinary). Body mass index was calculated based on participant self-reported height and weight. Fitzpatrick skin phototype was determined based on a composite score from participant responses to key criteria, including eye and hair color, presence of freckles, sun exposure, and tanning. Eligible participants were adults living in the US aged 22 to 85 years who were aesthetically inclined (ie, those who wanted to enhance their facial and/or body appearance and who expressed willingness to pursue professional treatments) and who had an annual income of at least $35,000 (and reported having some discretionary income). Age categories were defined as Generation Z/young millennial, aged ≤30 years; older millennial, aged 31 to 41 years; Generation X, aged 42 to 57 years; and 58+, aged 58 to 85 years.

This study followed the EPHMRA Code of Conduct and the International Code of Marketing and Social Research Practice. Study participants were informed about data collection and privacy measures, such as anonymization of survey responses, as well as the option to withdraw from the study at any time. Participants were required to provide informed consent by agreeing to these terms prior to completing the study.

Results

Participant demographics. Of 3,974 participants who met the inclusion criteria and completed the survey, 796 (20.0%) self-identified as Black and female. Demographics and baseline characteristics for this subgroup are shown in Table 1. More than half of the Black female participants were Generation X or older (52.8%), and older millennial represented the largest group (33.4%). All geographic regions across the US were represented. A total of 27.4% of Black female participants had a normal weight, with body mass index (BMI) of 18.5 to <25 kg/m², and 64.9% had BMI ≥25 kg/m². A majority of Black female participants (approximately 90%) self-reported as having Fitzpatrick skin phototype IV or V.

Top aesthetic concerns among Black female participants. Facial and body characteristics were of equal concern for 38% of Black female participants; 35% were more concerned about body characteristics than facial characteristics, and 27% were more concerned about facial characteristics than body characteristics.

Top facial aesthetic concerns among Black female participants. Of the 41 facial characteristics rated, the 5 most frequently bothersome were dark under-eye circles, uneven skin color/hyperpigmentation, unwanted hair on face, hair loss/thinning hair, and dry or dull skin/lack of glow (Figure 1).

Based on MaxDiff scaling used to rank the degree of bothersomeness of the 41 facial characteristics, the 5 most bothersome were under-eye bags or sagginess (59%), hair loss/thinning hair (58%), dark under-eye circles (57%), sagging skin (56%), and acne scarring on face (54%; Figure 1). The top 5 facial aesthetic concerns (ie, characteristics most frequently reported and ranked as most bothersome) were dark under-eye circles, hair loss/thinning hair, uneven skin color/hyperpigmentation, under-eye bags or sagginess, and unwanted hair on face and acne scarring on the face (equivalent rankings; Figure 1).

Among the top 5 aesthetic facial concerns, dark circles under the eyes and under-eye bags or sagginess were ranked as top concerns among Black female participants across all generations (Table 2). Acne scarring on the face was a top concern for the Generation Z/young millennial and older millennial age groups, unwanted hair on the face was a specific concern for Generation X/58+, and sagging skin was specific to those in the 58+ age group (Table 2). Hair loss or thinning hair was a top concern in all age groups except Generation Z/young millennial, and uneven skin color or hyperpigmentation was a top concern in all age groups except 58+ (Table 2). The top 5 most frequently bothersome and most bothersome facial characteristics across generations are presented in Supplemental Table 2 and Supplemental Table 3, respectively.

Top body aesthetic concerns among Black female participants. Of the 31 body characteristics rated, the 5 most frequently bothersome were stubborn fat around the stomach, flanks (sides), back/bra area, and arms and “buttock not as toned or lifted as I would like” (Figure 2).

Based on MaxDiff scaling, the 5 most bothersome body characteristics were stubborn fat in the stomach (67%), flanks (55%), bra or back area (48%), arms (45%), or thighs (40%; Figure 2). The top 5 body aesthetic concerns (ie, characteristics most frequently reported and ranked as most bothersome) were stubborn fat in the stomach, flanks, bra or back area, arms, or thighs (Figure 2).

Stubborn fat in the stomach, flanks, bra or back area, and arms ranked among the top 5 body concerns across all generations (Table 2). Aside from stubborn body fat, generation-specific top concerns included “buttock not as toned or as lifted as I would like” and uneven skin color/hyperpigmentation (Generation Z/young millennial), stretch marks (older millennial), and cellulite in the thighs or legs (58+; Table 2). Stubborn body fat in the thighs was a top concern for Generation X and 58+ (Table 2). The top 5 most frequently bothersome and most bothersome body characteristics across generations are presented in Supplemental Table 2 and Supplemental Table 3, respectively.

Treatment likelihood of facial and body characteristics among Black female participants. The 5 most likely facial characteristics participants would seek professional treatment for within the next year were unwanted facial hair, uneven skin color/hyperpigmentation, dark under-eye circles and hair loss/thinning hair (equivalent rankings), and appearance of eyebrows and dry or dull skin/lack of glow (equivalent rankings; Figure 3; plotted against the top facial concerns). Of these, 4 (dark circles under the eyes, hair loss/thinning hair, uneven skin color/hyperpigmentation, and unwanted facial hair) were also ranked as top facial aesthetic concerns (Figure 3).

The 5 most likely body characteristics participants would seek treatment for within the next year were stubborn fat around the stomach and flanks, uneven skin color/hyperpigmentation, unwanted body hair, and stubborn body fat in the bra or back area and dry skin/lack of hydration (equivalent rankings; Figure 4; plotted against the top body concerns). Of these, 3 characteristics related to body fat (stubborn fat in the stomach, flanks, and bra or back area) were ranked both as most likely to be professionally treated and as top body aesthetic concerns (Figure 4).

Degree of interest in aesthetic treatments. The top 10 aesthetic treatments of interest for Black female participants are shown in Figure 5, as well as the percentages of participants who expressed interest in these treatments among all female participants. Of the 48 aesthetic treatments presented (Supplemental Table 1), more than half of Black female participants expressed interest in facials performed at a doctor’s office or spa, nonsurgical fat reduction, and tummy tuck/abdominoplasty. Other top treatments of interest were nonsurgical skin tightening, professional-grade skincare, hydradermabrasion, liposuction on the body, laser hair removal, microdermabrasion, and cellulite reduction (Figure 5).

Across age groups, the top 10 treatments of interest among Black female participants were similar (Table 3). In all age categories, facials at a spa or doctor’s office represented the top treatment of interest, and most of the top 10 treatments were the same regardless of age, although the relative ranking varied between age groups. Breast augmentation or surgery was a generation-specific interest for younger participants (Generation Z/young millennial and older millennial). In contrast, participants in the Generation X and 58+ age groups were interested in receiving treatment for cellulite reduction (not topical or surgery).

Discussion

This analysis of Black female participants in the larger study of US adults provides valuable information on the aesthetic facial and body concerns and aesthetic treatment inclinations of this population. There were both similarities and differences between Black female participants and the overall female population, which can serve as a guide for aesthetic clinicians treating diverse individuals.

The percentage of participants who were equally concerned with facial and body characteristics among Black female participants was the same as that in the overall female population (38% for both).¹⁰ However, there was a higher rate of concern among Black female participants vs the overall female population with regard to body characteristics (Black female participants: 35%; all female participants: 27%) and a lower rate of concern with regard to facial characteristics (Black female participants: 27%; all female participants: 35%). This was an unexpected finding, as facial concerns such as uneven skin color are common concerns among Black women who seek aesthetic treatment.⁷ Black female participants in this study represented the only race or ethnicity cohort that prioritized the body over the face among the participant subgroups analyzed.^10–14 The MaxDiff scaling approach revealed that top facial concerns reported by Black female participants included under-eye dark circles, hair loss/thinning hair, and uneven skin color/hyperpigmentation, showing some agreement with the overall female population, for whom under-eye dark circles and hair thinning or loss were also among the top facial concerns. These findings highlight uneven skin color/hyperpigmentation as an important consideration specifically for Black women.¹⁰ The overall female population also noted sagging skin on the face and frown lines/lines between eyebrows (glabellar lines) as top concerns.¹⁰ The top body concerns in Black female participants were stubborn fat stores around the stomach, flanks, and back or bra area across generations; these were consistent with the overall female population.¹⁰

Among Black female participants, facial characteristics that participants were likely to seek professional treatment for within the next year included unwanted facial hair, uneven skin color/hyperpigmentation, hair loss/thinning, and under-eye dark circles. In contrast, findings from the overall female population revealed the likelihood of prioritizing professional treatment for upper facial lines such as frown lines/lines between eyebrows, forehead lines, and crow’s feet lines.¹⁰ In general, there was alignment between the overall female and Black female populations with regard to the body characteristics most likely to be professionally treated. These included stubborn fat around the stomach, flanks, and bra or back area; uneven skin color/hyperpigmentation; dry skin; and unwanted body hair.¹⁰ The body treatment priorities of Black female participants generally aligned with the characteristics that they ranked as frequently bothersome, with the exception of “buttock not as toned or lifted as I would like,” which was noted as a frequently bothersome concern but not a top treatment priority.

The areas of the face and body that Black female participants were most likely to seek treatment for within the next year were often consistent with their top aesthetic concerns. Of the top 6 facial concerns (includes 2 with equivalent rankings), 4 were prioritized as most likely to seek professional treatment (dark under-eye circles, hair loss/thinning hair, uneven skin color, and unwanted hair on face). Under-eye bags or sagginess and acne scarring were considered top priorities but with a lower likelihood of seeking professional treatment. In the overall female population, 2 of the top facial concerns (frown lines/lines between eyebrows, uneven skin color/hyperpigmentation) were top priorities for seeking professional treatment.¹⁰ White female participants prioritized treating forehead lines and crow’s feet lines over their other top concerns.¹¹ It is possible that the emphasis on treating lines on the face is greater for White women than Black women because these signs of facial aging reportedly appear earlier in White women.¹⁸ Among Black female participants, 3 of the 5 top body concerns related to stubborn fat (in the stomach, flanks, and bra or back area) were also top concerns and characteristics for which they would likely seek professional treatment. A high degree of interest in treating stubborn fat in different body areas was also observed in the overall female population.¹⁰ Stubborn body fat appears to be a top treatment priority among aesthetically oriented women across race and ethnicity, consistent with research suggesting that differences in body ideals and dissatisfaction between Black and White women may be diminishing in recent years.¹⁹

For Black female participants, the top 10 aesthetic treatments of interest were generally consistent with their top aesthetic concerns. Facials at the spa or doctor’s office represented the top ranked treatment of interest, consistent with the ranking of uneven skin color/hyperpigmentation as a top facial concern. Nonsurgical fat reduction and tummy tuck/abdominoplasty were among the top 3 treatment interests, in agreement with top body concerns of stubborn fat in the stomach, flanks, bra or back area, arms, and thighs.

Many of the most desired aesthetic treatments were consistent between Black female participants and the overall female population, but there were some key differences in the top aesthetic concerns. Black female and all female participants ranked facials at a spa or doctor’s office as the most desired treatment of interest, and nonsurgical fat reduction, tummy tuck/abdominoplasty, professional-grade skincare, hydradermabrasion, liposuction on the body, and microdermabrasion were among the top 10 aesthetic treatments in both groups. Black female participants ranked tummy tuck/abdominoplasty as the third highest treatment of interest, whereas this treatment ranked ninth among all female participants. The greater degree of interest in a more invasive aesthetic procedure for the body is consistent with the observation that Black female participants prioritized aesthetic treatment of the body rather than the face, in contrast to the overall female population. Black female participants also ranked treatment for cellulite and laser hair removal in the top 10 desired aesthetic treatments, but these were not top treatments of interest in the overall female population, which instead prioritized more traditional aesthetic treatments such as neurotoxins and dermal fillers, in agreement with their top facial concerns of facial lines and areas of sagging skin.¹⁰ Neurotoxins and dermal fillers did not rank in the top 10 for Black female participants. These differences reflect the top facial and body concerns that were specific to Black female participants and were not ranked as top concerns in the overall population, such as unwanted hair on the face and cellulite on the thighs/legs.¹⁰

The top 10 treatments that Black female participants were most interested in receiving were consistent across generations. Tummy tuck/abdominoplasty ranked high across age groups, further supporting the emphasis on body concerns and interest in both invasive and noninvasive aesthetic treatments among Black female participants. Facials at a spa or doctor’s office was the top treatment of interest regardless of age, and microdermabrasion ranked among the top 10 treatments of interest in all age groups, with 40% of Black female participants expressing interest in the procedure. These observations expand on prior research in a Black female population, which found that microdermabrasion was the top treatment being considered.⁷ Together, these findings highlight a shared interest in improving skin texture and evenness for Black women of different ages, as both facials and microdermabrasion can help address these goals.

Top facial concerns in Black female participants reported in this study are consistent with those previously reported, with uneven skin tone and under-eye dark circles being the primary concerns.⁷ Although concerns about wrinkles and other signs of facial aging are common in light-skinned individuals, the darker pigmentation and unique structural characteristics of dark skin delay the onset and reduce the severity of facial aging but increase the risk of pigment alteration.^18,20 Thus, hyperpigmentation may be a greater concern than fine lines or wrinkles in dark-skinned individuals.²⁰ Selection of aesthetic facial treatments for Black female patients should take into consideration the risk for hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation.²¹ For example, in the context of chemical peels, use of superficial peeling agents is preferred given the lower risk of pigmentary complications, and recommended laser modalities in skin of color include 1064-nm Nd:YAG devices and nonablative fractional laser resurfacing with conservative treatment densities.²¹

Stubborn body fat stores around the stomach, flanks, and back or bra area were reported to be the most bothersome body characteristics among Black female participants in this study. A retrospective analysis of body contouring surgeries performed by plastic surgeons from 2012 to 2022 and documented in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program demonstrated a 15.5% increase in panniculectomies and a 12.5% increase in abdominoplasties performed in Black patients.²² This trend contrasted with that observed among White patients, where declines in these procedures and other body contouring surgeries were observed.²² The increase in body contouring procedures in Black patients necessitates awareness of the risk of keloid and hypertrophic scar formation in this population stemming from injury to the dermis.²³ The observation that body contouring surgeries are on the rise in this population²² provides context for the current study, which found that Black female participants may prioritize treatment of body concerns, such as stubborn fat in the stomach, over facial concerns.

This analysis of the Black female participants in the study has several notable strengths, including a large sample size comprising only Black female participants and use of MaxDiff methodology to capture relative priorities more accurately than traditional rating scales with reduced response bias. Similar analyses have focused on the face, with limited data on aesthetic concerns and treatment interests related to the body; this study captured comprehensive coverage of facial and body concerns to create a holistic view of an individual’s aesthetic priorities. Several limitations must also be acknowledged. Although subgroup analyses were conducted, further stratification by country of origin, generation, and acculturation status may yield additional nuance. MaxDiff methodology, though robust in revealing relative priorities, does not measure willingness to undergo treatment or financial/access barriers, which remain important determinants of real-world uptake. The study was conducted in the US, and findings may not be generalizable to other regions. Although the survey was opened to members of the transgender and nonbinary communities, responses from members of these groups were limited. Future iterations of the survey should ensure adequate representation and feedback from these groups as aesthetic interests and the aesthetic patient continue to evolve.

Conclusion

Understanding, and increasing awareness of, the aesthetic concerns and needs of Black women is essential to ensuring that aesthetic procedure planning and implementation address those concerns. This analysis provides important insights into the unique facial and body aesthetic concerns and aesthetic treatment inclinations of the Black female population in the US. Along with the analyses of the overall female population and other participant subgroups, this analysis in Black female participants can serve as a resource for healthcare providers to tailor treatment plans to better address the specific aesthetic needs of their patients.

Supplemental Materials

Supplemental Tables 1–3

Disclosures

Dr. Alexis has received grants/research funding (money paid to institution) from AbbVie, Almirall, Amgen, Arcutis, Castle Biosciences, Caudalie, Dermavant, Galderma, Genentech, Incyte, LEO Pharma, and Takeda; has served on advisory board/consulting for AbbVie, Allergan, Almirall, Alphyn, Alumis, Amgen, Apogee BioPharm, Arcutis, Bausch Health, Beiersdorf, Boehringer Ingelheim, Botanix Pharmaceuticals, Bristol Myers Squibb, Canfield Scientific, Castle Biosciences, Dermavant, Dermsquared, Galderma, Genentech, HairDays, Incyte, Janssen Scientific Affairs, Johnson & Johnson, LEO Pharma, Lilly, L’Oréal, Novartis, Oruka Therapeutics, Pfizer, RBC Consultants, Regeneron, Sanofi, Sanofi Genzyme, Sanofi/Regeneron, Symrise, UCB, and VeraDermics Inc; has been a speaker for Aerolase, Johnson & Johnson, L’Oréal, Sanofi/Regeneron, and Scientis; has received royalties from Elsevier, Springer, UpToDate Inc. (Wolters Kluwer Health), and Wiley-Blackwell; and reports Aerolase (equipment). Dr. Boyd has served as an advisory board member, speaker, consultant, and investigator for Allergan Aesthetics, an AbbVie company. Dr. Burgess is a clinical researcher for Allergan Aesthetics, an AbbVie company, and Merz. Dr. Downie has served as a consultant, lecturer, researcher, and/or advisory board member for Aclaris, Allergan/AbbVie, Alphaeon, BioPharmX, BTL, Caliway, Candesant, Canfield, CO2Lift, Croma, Cutera, Endo Therapeutics, Evidera, Exeltis, Galderma, Intendis/Bayer, IntraDerm, ISDIN, Johnson & Johnson, La Roche-Posay, Laviv, Lev Ellis, Lifes2Good,  L’Oréal Paris, Medimetriks, Merz, MRP Laser, Neauvia, Neothetics, Nutrafol, Obagi, Perigee Medical, Pfizer, Procter & Gamble, Ranbaxy, Raziel Therapeutics, Regimen Pro, Restorsea, Revance, RoC, Scientis, Sensus, Sente, Solta, Sofwave, Stratpharma, SkinMedica, Teoxane, Theraplex LLC, ThermiRF, Valeant, Vi Aesthetics, Vichy, WiQo, XTresse, and Zo Skin Health. Dr. Henry is a consultant for Merz Aesthetics and Allergan Aesthetics, an AbbVie company; lecturer for Cynosure; and an Aerolase shareholder. Dr. Hooper is cofounder of Audubon Dermatology; consultant, speaker, or investigator for Allergan Aesthetics, an AbbVie company; Galderma Laboratories; and Revance Therapeutics. Dr. Woolery-Lloyd has served as a researcher/investigator for AbbVie, Allergan, Arcutis, Avita Medical, Eirion Therapeutics, Galderma, Kymera, Pfizer, Regeneron, and Teoxane Laboratories; an advisor/consultant for AbbVie, Arcutis, Incyte, Galderma, Johnson & Johnson, Kenvue, L’Oréal, Nutrafol, Ortho Dermatologics, and Unilever; on the speaker’s bureau for Beiersdorf, Estée Lauder Companies, Galderma, Kenvue, L’Oréal, Incyte, and Ortho Dermatologics. Drs. Zheng and Dimitrijevic are full-time employees of AbbVie and may hold AbbVie stock.

Acknowledgments

Writing and editorial assistance was provided to the authors by Illyce Nunez, PhD of Peloton Advantage, an OPEN Health company, and was funded by AbbVie Inc. The authors would like to acknowledge the supplement co-sponsor Research Execute Learn LLC (Randy Long and Drew Minko) for their assistance with the survey design, distribution, collection of data, and analysis of the results.

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